Poor circulation
Growth factors are delivered to the skin through the circulation. Growth factors such as VEGFA are fundamental to sustaining a young skin phenotype. PMID: 35749494.
Growth factors are delivered to the skin through the circulation. Growth factors such as VEGFA are fundamental to sustaining a young skin phenotype. PMID: 35749494.
UV rays create inflammation on the skin surface which causes downstream damage to dermal adipocytes (PMID: 27665714).
Procedures that seek to de-nature the dermis (e.g., ultrasound, radiofrequency), preferentially heat up the dermal adipocytes causing rupture and loss, which results in hypertrophy of remaining adipocytes PMID: 19322624
Oils in cosmetic products can be delivered to mature fat cells via the hair follicle, where they are taken up by mature fat cells. PMIDs. 33803716, 18492146.
The increase in adipocyte size seen with age is a function of both higher BMI and lower regeneration rate. PMIDs. 30283987, 33878347.
Lymph fluid is largely comprised of lipid which is taken up by adipocytes, increasing their size. PMID. 34339353
High BMI reflects increased nutrient storage and leads directly to enlarged fat cell size. PMID: 27895989.
A reduction in the number of fat cells causes the size of the remaining fat cells to increases. PMID. 9333196.
Hormones play important roles in regulating fat cell health. Estrogen, for example, is important in maintaining adipogenesis. PMID: 35856485.
Injecting the body with foreign substances like engineered botulinum toxin, cross-linked hyaluronic acid and poly-L lactic acid filler may trigger inflammatory responses that can suppress adipogenesis. In terms of frequency, poly-L lactic acid, then hyaluronic acid then botulinum toxin. PMIDs: 33797747, 20564542, and 21903293.
The most common skincare ingredients – retin-A, resveratrol, and hyaluronic acid – are all anti-adipogenic. PMIDs 35171653, 17851734 and 31151314.
All exercise suppresses new fat cell formation through acute inflammation and also through dynamic force and prolonged exercise has a greater effect than moderate exercise PMID: 32230849.
With age, pre-adipocytes are still converting to mature adipocytes but this process requires a stronger signal PMID: 17507194.
Protein drives regeneration of dermal adipocytes. Insufficient protein consumption is a leading cause of insufficient cell numbers. PMID: 27832138.
UV rays create inflammation on the skin surface which causes downstream damage to dermal adipocytes (PMID: 27665714).